Dyson College of Arts and Sciences

that were occurring around Pier 55, including discus- sions about the environment, recreation, public-pri- vate partnerships, and transparency, journalists were most likely to focus on design. Why? e answer likely lies in the agenda-setting function of the media cover- ing the story. Agenda setting is a concept closely relat- ed to framing. However, unlike framing, which relates to how journalists tell a given story, agenda setting relates to which stories journalists choose to tell and the importance that they assign to them. Agenda set- ting signals to audiences which stories most deserve their attention (McCombs and Shaw 1972). As Cohen (1963) famously put it, "the press may not be success- ful much of the time in telling people what to think, but it is strongly successful in telling its readers what to think about" (p. 13). us, given that Pier 55 was covered by special interest media focused on business and architecture/ design, it is not surprising that the design sub-frame occurred most oen. What is surprising, however, is that special interest media related to the other sub- frames identified in this study neglected to cover Pier 55 at all. Publications focused on the environment, recreation, and good government all exist, but, by ig- noring Pier 55, they did not use their agenda setting function to signal that the project should be of interest to their audiences. Conclusion e Pier 55 case study indicates the difficulties of sus- taining substantive conversations about resilience in news media over time, particularly when involving a variety of stakeholders. Media coverage of Pier 55 was initially as likely to be issue-based as it was game framed, providing opportunities for stakeholders to discuss a variety of potential goods and bads from the project, including those related to resilience, recre- ation, public-private partnerships, design, and trans- parency. However, over time, and particularly aer a lawsuit was filed in an effort to stop Pier 55's con- struction, media coverage became less focused on con- tested notions of resilience, and more about the per- sonalities and actions associated with the legal dispute. News media can wield powerful agenda setting capabilities, which in turn influence public opinion. However, conversations about resilience need not exist exclusively in news media that choose to cover a par- ticular story. In today's increasingly fragmented media landscape, particularly about environmental issues, special interest media abound on a variety of subjects. 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